Unit 9 Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry
- 9.1 Introduction to Entropy
Entropy, S · Dispersal of energy and temperature
- 9.2 Absolute Entropy and Entropy Change
Absolute entropy (standard molar entropy), S°
- 9.3 Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability
Standard state · Thermodynamically favored · Standard free energy of formation, ΔG°f · Enthalpy and entropy contributions · ΔG° = ΔH° − TΔS° · Signs of ΔH° and ΔS° and temperature
- 9.4 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control
Thermodynamically favored process · Kinetic control
- 9.5 Free Energy and Equilibrium
Thermodynamically favored and K · ΔG° = −RT ln K · Estimating K from ΔG° and RT · Sign of ΔG° and position of equilibrium
- 9.6 Free Energy of Dissolution
Free energy of dissolution, ΔG°
- 9.7 Coupled Reactions
Thermodynamically unfavorable process · Coupled reactions
- 9.8 Galvanic (Voltaic) and Electrolytic Cells
Electrode · Galvanic (voltaic) cell · Anode
- 9.9 Cell Potential and Free Energy
Electrochemistry · Standard reduction potential, E° · n in ΔG° = −nFE°
- 9.10 Cell Potential Under Nonstandard Conditions
Nonstandard conditions · Operating cell is not at equilibrium · E° and Q = 1 · Nernst equation
- 9.11 Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law
Electrolysis